Tag Archives: black history

Would African American reparations be America’s stimulus package?

reparations

Would African American reparations be America’s stimulus package?

By: Samori T. Swygert

What would you do if you opened your mailbox, and received a letter from the United States government?  The letter read something like this, “a review of historical data by members of various levels of government and the treasury department concluded that being a descendant of African American slaves that were wrongly obtained, detained, forced to slave labor without wages or salary, and subjected to various forms of abuse, we would like to first apologize with sincere honesty and hope you accept the enclosed check for $100,000.00. We are aware that the reward is meager compared to the hardship, disadvantages, and disenfranchisement that has occurred over the years.  However, due to rewarding numerous citizens that are eligible for this compensation, restitution, and reparation, we concluded this amount may help lessen the burden and show true contrition for the act of slavery.”

What would you do? The check is ready to be redeemed, cash money!!!

I pose this question because of a conversation a coworker and I had.  What would be the best form of reparations? Would the best act of reparation lie in a check for a specific amount of money, free education, work and live as citizens without paying any taxes, or etc?  My response to the question has a biblical basis. The book and passage of the bible I would rely on is; Romans 12:2- “and be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God”.

This is not a religious blog, but African Americans need a paradigm shift before receiving reparations.  I may be accusatory or speculative, but I firmly believe that we have been groomed into an addictive consumer relationship with America. It’s not fair to paint the whole African American population with a broad brush, but you must concur that a great deal of us are groomed to be consumers and not producers.  White Americans are large consumers also, but they differ from us because they are also largely the producers, owners and beneficiaries of various markets in the American economy.

I feel that $100,000.00 check would be a stimulus package to White America and other multinational groups.  The music, music videos, commercials, magazines and billboard advertisements indoctrinate us to be gross consumers.  This would be okay if we owned the majority of the products we consume or the sole proprietor of services we patronize.  The truth is we do not own the majority of what we patronize.  The contemporary culture overemphasizes and glorifies: luxury cars and aircrafts, designer clothes, top shelf alcohol, expensive electronics (new flat screens, Playstations, iPods, iPads, tablets, and computers), ostentatious jewelry, choicest restaurants, state of the art hotels and resorts, hi-tech fire arms, and then all the accessories, amenities and accoutrements  to top off our purchases.  Now this is not all blacks!!  We must free our minds from consuming the symbols and byproducts of success, and really achieve true success!  I am guilty myself, if this helps you settle into the honesty of these statements.

There are questions that need to be asked.  How many black owned automobile and aircraft manufacturers exist? How many alcohol breweries and distilleries are black owned? How many cell phone, TV and electronics manufacturers are black owned?  How many jewelers are black owned? How many black owned precious metals and diamond minds exist? How many choicest restaurants are black owned and franchised across the nation?  How many gun manufacturers are black owned?  What was the last black owned hotel or resort you’ve checked into?  How many black owned fashion designers do you know and purchase from?  What quantity of produce do you purchase from the black farmers?  If you are being completely honest with me (keep it 100), your answers to these questions should be, few to none.  I’m a pretty good dancer so I’m not trying to step on anybody’s toes, but this is done to force true introspection and self-evaluation.  These questions also reveal where our hard earned money is squandered, and where we are creating millionaires by false visions of success and happiness they solicit to us via various mediums.  These questions also reveal the various markets that we need to begin to compete in as owners and producers.  Why should others take from the black community?  Why must our dollars be everybody else’s stimulus package?

In the spirit of the Olympics, I would like to make a comparison of the Olympics to the African American community.  In the Olympics, various countries compete for the gold medal in various sporting disciplines (boxing, track, gymnastics, swimming, archery, and etc).  In our case, the gold medal translates into the “Black Dollar”.  The various sporting disciplines translate into numerous industries    (fashion, electronics, communication, recreation, entertainment, food, automobile, and etc).  There are so many cultures from various foreign countries within and outside our neighborhood.  They’re competing for the “Black Dollar”.

The conundrum is we are underrepresented in the competition for our own money.  In lieu of the current economic, educational, and social conditions, we need to transform through the renewing of our mind.  We need to begin learning these skills, technologies, business stratagems, and even create new markets and industries.  This is the era of the inventor and entrepreneur.  Unemployment is high, jobs are being outsourced, incarceration is increased, what are you going to do to get that gold medal?  Do you have the innovation to create a new industry and market to captivate the black consumer, and command the black dollar?  You have nothing else to lose if you’re already unemployed or underclass.

So we need to transform our minds to conserve our finances, pool our resources, plan and strategize.  The chances of receiving reparations seem slim, but we can’t let our disposable income be everyone else’s stimulus package.  We need to become more fiscally astute and financially scrupulous.  If we do not read, apply our education, and think outside the box, we will be doomed to be permanent consumers, and cemented in the underclass.  I’m starting by working on myself now.  I just wanted to share my spirit with you, and God Bless!

 

The Flyest Black Woman- Bessie “Queen Bess” Coleman

BESSIE~1Dr. Samori Swygert

Who is Bessie Coleman, and why is she the flyest black woman to me?  Bessie “Queen Bess” Coleman was the first African American Female Aviator, and entertainment pilot.  Bessie Coleman was born January 26, 1892 and died April 30, 1926.  American History makes a big fanfare about Amelia Earhart, but Bessie Coleman got her pilot license the same year Amelia Earhart got her first flight lesson in 1921.

Ms. Coleman has a very intriguing story.  She was born in Atlanta, Texas in 1892.  Her parents were Susan and George Coleman.  Her family moved to Waxahachie, Texas.  The family sharecropped cotton to live, sadly the father left and retreated to the Choctaw Reservation of Oklahoma.  The mother commandeered the family reigns and continued providing by picking cotton, and enrolling Bessie and her siblings in the labor.  Her mother purchased books for Bessie from a traveling library that graced the town twice a year.

Bessie’s interest for flight was sparked when she moved to Chicago to stay with her brothers in 1917.  Based on my readings, one brother was a Pullman Car Porter, and her other brother (Johnny) was a cook for Al Capone.  Johnny was a World War I veteran that amazed Bessie with all his combat stories.  She got a job in the beauty industry and worked as a manicurist.  She was trained at the Burnham’ School of Beauty Culture.

Ready for lift off!

Working as a manicurist in the local barber shop, she overheard countless tales and stories from African American World War I veterans.  She learned about the discrimination that black pilots experienced in the New York 15th and Illinois 8th black fighter regiments.  These two groups had fought in France.  She decided that she wanted to fly, so she quit her job. She looked for aviation schools that could teach African Americans and women.  America didn’t furnish the training institutions to accommodate her demographic (black women).  However, France did, and the French had female pilots in World War I.  Bessie started a Chili Parlor on 35th street and Indiana Avenue, and got two prominent African American investors, Robert Abbott (founder of Chicago Defender) and Jesse Binga (founder of Binga State Bank) to fundraise capital for her plans.

By the time Bessie was 24 years old, she had mastered the French language, sailed to Le Crotoy Somme, France, and matriculated into Condrau School of Aviation. 1921 the Federation Aeronautique Intenationale awarded Bessie her international pilots license, and this was the first ever granted to any American woman! 

Bessie honed her skills and moved to Paris.  When she decided to return to America, she ordered a 130 horsepower Neuport de Chasse plane  to be delivered to America, just in case America prohibited her from acquiring one within the country!  Unfortunately, the ugly double-headed monster of racism and sexism in America denied her employment in commercial aviation.  Frustrated she went back to Europe, and sharpened her skills.  She did advanced training in Germany, Holland, and Switzerland.  She flew 220 Horsepower Benz motor planes.  She was said to be an “ACE PILOT” by countless European aviation companies and stuntman.

Remembering her African American Roots

She returned to America in 1922 performing Nosedives, figure eights, climbs and other difficult flying maneuvers.  She would even take black audience members on her flights for $5 rides.  Bessie was so bold that she even parachuted out of her planes in airshows.  She never forgot her roots of African American inspiration.  During her flight exhibitions, she paid homage to the 8th Regiment of Illinois that she always heard tales about as a manicurist.  The band leader of the 8th escorted her to her plane, and they serenaded the audience with Jazz music as she flew through the heavens.

Keeping true to her African American roots, she returned to Waxahachie, Texas.  Historically speaking, the South was far from ready to see a black female pilot.  However, her tenacity weakened the system.  She was permitted to perform, but there was a catch.  African Americans were not allowed to see.  Bessie said she would not perform unless they permitted African Americans to enter… and they did!

She gave back to her community by giving speeches to African Americans at churches, schools, and other available venues.

Tragedy Strikes

1926, Jacksonville, Florida, the Negro Welfare League had invited Bessie to perform and honor her.  The availability, and accessibility of planes to African Americans had many restrictions and limitations at the time.  Many instances she had to fly refurbished, repaired, lower quality planes.  Sadly, the day before her show, she died in a practice run with a white co-pilot/mechanic.  Bessie was sitting in the back without a seatbelt, and was ejected from the plane.  Her mechanic died also died in the crash.  Sources say that an unsecured wrench had slid into the gearbox and jammed it.  Bessie tragically fell 500 feet.

Three funerals were performed in her honor and remembrance.  Her body was transported by train from Jacksonville to Chicago, and thousands swarmed to pay tribute.  Pastor Junius C. Austin conducted the services.  It is said he chastised the community for lack for financial support in helping her acquire quality standard planes.

Bessie wanted to start an Aviation School for Black Women, but tragedy struck and intercepted her dream.  However, I feel her dream, hard work, diligence, faith, fortitude and execution was enough.  I also love the fact that she came back to her community to enhance it.  I reread her story, and I really almost came to tears….for real.  However, she is another prominent example of our rich heritage.  Let’s continue to carry the torch and fly to higher heights.  The story of Bessie Coleman also highlights the greatness of our black women.

This makes her the flyest Black Woman to me! We’ve got to redefine the title Queen B, because Queen Bess was granted this decades ago.  Rest In Peace Bessie Coleman (January 1892- April 1926).

Source: The African American Century by Henry Louis Gates Jr. and Cornel West

Here are two YouTube videos to checkout:

1.  Bessie Coleman

2. Bessie Coleman: An American Hero